These manifest themselves in a number of ways depending on the particular geometry. In all geometries inertia effects can be important. ![]() In this case we have shear and extensional flow, plus inertia and time effects present simultaneously, and it is virtually impossible to extract only the shear viscosity as a function of shear stress which is of interest. ![]() The best example of this is the flow cup, where liquids runs out from a cup through a given nozzle under the action of gravity. ![]() Figure 3. Schematic representation of the layout of typical controlled-stress and controlled-strain viscometers.Ī number of supposedly simple geometries are used to measure viscosity, but although the geometry seems simple, the flow field is not.
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